Аннотация

The technology of afterpurification of drinking water is developed for upgrading of foodstuff from organic contaminants periodically present at natural water or formed on a stage of disinfecting by ozonization. The adsorption research of phenol, formaldehyde and acetic aldehyde from individual water solutions and their mixes on active charcoals (AC) marks AG-3, ABG, KsAU, AG-OV-1, SKD-515 and BАU differing in contents, in the way of reception, structure and chemical state of a surface is carried out. The basic laws, features and the mechanism of adsorption organic contaminants on АC are established. The mechanism of mass carry is shown at adsorption of mixes of phenol and formaldehyde, formaldehyde and acetic aldehyde on АC of different marks. A method to optimise the parametres and modes of continuous absorption cleaning, based on the fundamental equation of external diffusion dynamics of absorption, using Dubinin-Radushkevich constants and kinetic dependences, is offered. The basic parametres of adsorption dynamics which allowed determining the operating period of the column, the quantity of refined water depending on the rate of transmission, height of fixed bed and sizes of a column are stated. According to the results of experimental researches and derivatographic analysis the technology of regeneration of active charcoals after adsorption of mixes by washing АC by water warmed up to 50°С with the subsequent warmup by a stream of air with temperature 200°С within 2 hours that allows to reduce sorptive capacity of sorbents on 95-98% is developed. The technology solution for afterpurification of drinking water from phenol, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, occasionally presenting in natural water or arising in the stage of ozonation in water processing, was recommended on the basis of the complex analysis of absorption (balance, kinetics and dynamics) of organic substances, optimization of purification modes and parametres of absorption column, using mathematical modelling.

Ключевые слова

adsorption, active charcoals, drinking water, phenol, formaldehyde, acetic aldehyde

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