Volume 2018, Issue 1, 2018

The article presents an assessment of social development of Desnogorsk in comparison with other cities in Smolensk region. According to the research, Desnogorsk is a leader on a numbers of social development parameters. However, some parameters are lower than the average values. The social development of Desnogorsk is higher than that of the other cities in the region, but it has been declining since 1996 and now it is gradually approaching the average regional level. The main reason is the transfer of social responsibility from the city-forming enterprise to the city administration and the rapid population decline of the city. In the post-Soviet period there began an out-migration from Desnogorsk, mainly among young population. It is primarily caused by the monopropellant economy and the optimization of the industry. The socio-economic gap between the employees of nuclear power plants and other residents is gradually increasing. Desnogorsk displays the lowest level of labor mobility, if compared to other cities in the region. The low level of labor migration together with the migration outflow indicates a low adaptation of the population to economic and social changes.

The article analyzes the potential based on the methodology and instruments of the public administration paradigm in the development the institution of public-private partnership at various levels. The need to integrate public administration tools into the existing practice public private partnership is proved to increase its effectiveness and effectiveness. The study establishes correspondence between the main provisions of the public administration theory and the tasks of the public-private partnership development. It singles out the main modern practice development of public-private partnership, defining the need for the introduction of public administration. The research has revealed concrete directions of the implementation in public-private partnership on the basis of the public administration concept and methods. A mechanism of public-private partnership management based on modern tools is proposed. The article outlines some prospects for the transformation the traditional system of public-private partnership into a new paradigm public-private partnership. The results can be used by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments when developing and implementing publicprivate partnership projects, or by commercial organizations when justifying participation in public-private and municipal-private partnership projects.

The problem of monotown restructuring is today extremely acute for Russia in the social, economic and political terms. The core of the problem lies in the obsolete technological base, underdevelopment of small and medium business, poor quality of life, weak mobility of human capital and lack of innovations. Most mono-settlements in Yakutia (15) are located in the Far Eastern Federal District. On January 1, 2016, there lived 152,507 people, or 16% of the whole population of the republic. Development of civilization frontier requires mastering the best practices of innovative infrastructure development infrastructure and its total modernization. Any attractive investment project should take into account the potential socio-cultural risks and be attractive for the local population. Therefore, the problem of monotowns, especially in the Russian context, is the main problem of the implementation of a coherent social policy, systematically deployed at corporate and regional levels. A research on the social wellbeing of the population in the conditions of transformation of the Northern mono-settlements will make it possible to improve relations between the local authorities and the population, creating the preconditions for a constructive public dialogue and consolidation of the society. This experience will give a specific technology and identify possible potentials for the formation of new generation cities.

The territories of many single-industry towns and smaller settlements with a oncedeveloped industry at the present stage of development do not satisfy the new needs of people. Without a carefully developed concept of development of these territories, the latter become zones of alienation. Weak attention to these objects leads to their degradation, the formation on their territory of storage areas, small and not always legal production, the concentration of questionable business. To date, there are three competing programs that claim to implement and implement in urban development practices: Smart City, Culture-led (leadership through intensive cultural development), Livable City (comfortable city). All of them can improve the quality of life of the main socio-demographic groups or simply contribute to the economic prosperity of cities. The content of the research area: the identification, analysis and resolution of the formation and development problems of the theory and practice of «smart cities» management as social and economic systems with the aim of revealing the stable links and regularities that determine the nature and content of these problems, the logic and mechanisms for their resolution. The project of socially responsible design of the «smart city» in the case of the monotown of Yurga, Kemerovo region, will contribute to the formation of practices of public discussion and the solution of issues related to the formation of a stable comfortable and safe urban environment.

Residents of monotowns face a specific range of problems affecting their social well-being. The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the types of life strategies of monotown residents with a focus on the place of residence and the location of the attractiveness of the urban environment and migration attitudes in them. The study employed a case-study strategy of an in-depth interview with residents of Sayansk, a monotown that displays risks of socio-economic deterioration. To describe the context, the authors used statistical data on the population and migration of the Sayansk population, as well as historical chronicle of the town. Based on two indications (perception of the quality of the urban environment and the migration attitudes), the authors have constructed a typology of life strategies and described the related characteristics of inhabitants. The study shows that the life strategies of the inhabitants reveal, on the one hand, a spectrum of migration patterns (depending on the characteristics of the inhabitants), and, on the other hand, various degrees of satisfaction with the quality of the urban environment, which makes the city attractive or unattractive in the eyes of the population.

The importance of using sociological knowledge in management is often underestimated. The same governing bodies, whose work is oriented to feedback, opinions, assessments, proposals of the managed subsystem, are in a more advantageous position, being more successful managers. The paper indicates the expediency of incorporating the results of sociological research into management processes, especially if it is the object of regional and municipal communities, as well as a review of the sociological research practice conducted by the Kuzbass Center for the Study of Public Opinion. Over the years of its functioning, the Center has conducted more than 600 sociological studies to provide the Kemerovo region administrations and municipalities with a feedback that would enable them to adopt balanced managerial decisions. Almost 30 years of experience clearly demonstrates the usefulness of sociological information to solve both specific problems (i.e. evaluation of planned activities, projects, attitude to the activities of individual structures, leaders, etc.), and long-term goals, such as improving social security or quality of life.

The Novokuznetsk agglomeration is peculiar in that the towns (settlements) within the agglomeration are all monotowns, and the main development problem of monotowns is economy modernization according to the innovative development model. In this regard, it is important to research the benefits of agglomeration for the solution of modernization problems of the constituent monotowns. The current research features the problem from the position of the economy-sociological approach. The subject of the study is the combination of living conditions and quality of life of the population in the metropolitan area as a necessary prerequisite to ensure the modernization of qualified personnel. Assessment of social welfare was provided by a questionnaire survey among the residents of the Novokuznetsk agglomeration (N=1023), who acted as experts. A systematic analysis of the survey results shows that the conditions and life quality among the population of the metropolitan area can be characterized as contradictory. On the one hand, agglomeration system provides for the most important needs of the population; a large part of the population displays a positive attitude for the future, local identity and involvement in various forms of socially useful activities. On the other hand, the quality characteristics and living conditions are mainly applied to an average value. This means that these factors do not attract qualified specialists, capable to solve innovative challenges of modernization. The results of the study can be of practical interest for local authorities and heads of the enterprises in monotowns. The problems of modernization cannot be solved unless the quality of life is improved, the needs of the population are provided for and the residential attractiveness of the territory is increased.

The article provides methodology to evaluate competition development perception on regional consumer markets by manufacturing companies. Competition is being treated as a function with a multi-dimensional latent character, connecting a set of factors-arguments and a set of consequences-results of competition development for companies, which are, in their turn, factors of competition limitation for end-up customers. This evaluation takes into account several groups of factors, including market entry barriers for new companies and operability restrictions for operating companies, and also factors of consumers demand. The evaluation data originate from results of internet-polls conducted among some regional manufacturing companies. The article provides examples of evaluation of competition perception on certain consumer markets of the Omsk region. The results of evaluation 1) may be used by regional authorities making decisions on type and direction of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises on inter-regional consumer markets; 2) are useful for manufacturing companies developing competitive marketing strategies.

The current paper features the solution of the problem of the controlled impact on the development of the single-industry economy at the expense of small business by using specialized management methods. The article examines the current situation in the monodependent cities of Russia and the existing approaches to solving their social and economic problems. The authors of the study propose their approach to solving social and economic problems in single-industry towns. This approach is based on the use of a group of strategies for managing the city’s mesofactors and microindicators of urban small businesses operating. The article describes each group of strategies from the position of the city administration and from the side of business. In their previous studies, the authors proved the existence of a significant correlation between the socioeconomic performance of a single-industry city and the aggregated economic indicators of small business. The study was carried out on the basis of an analysis of the statistical indicators of more than 400 small companies in the monotown of Yurga in 2007 – 2016. The article gives relevant conclusions about the possibility of applying the above-described strategies both on the scale of the monotown and on the individual branches of the urban economy.

The research states the necessity to develop mobilization planning models for the territories with undetermined state status such as the Donetsk People’s Republic (the DPR). One of the economy management problems in the DPR, which is now transforming, is the absence of state economy planning institute. The DPR economy is currently not selfsufficient, and its dependence on the economies of the bordering states is critical; it requires mobilization, which implies a strategy and a plan.

It means that the DPR is to get its own state planning mobilization model that would take into account the economic security factor. It is noted that planning mobilization model is a planning centralized model enabling forced development of separate industrial branches in the emergency conditions. Planning mobilization model can be considered as socially effective only in the case when state has to rebuild its economy in order to protect its autonomy, which is nowadays relevant for the DPR. The model is to function on a temporary basis.

The current research is based on the study of passports of state programs at the federal and regional levels related to the development of the Republic of Dagestan. The authors analyze the quality of regulatory, legal and methodological base of the state programs and compare them with the actual state of affairs. Quality problems are indicated by serious methodological flaws in the database, which prevent effective solutions of regional problems and lead to their conservation. As for the realities, it has been found that it is impossible to determine the contribution of programs to the achievement of declared goals and to assess the effectiveness of the executive bodies responsible for their implementation. The discrepancy between goals and results is due to the duplication of functions and the erosion of the responsibility of power structures, the lack of clarity in the movement of counter cash flows from the center to the regions and vice versa, the lack of coordination of various regional policy instruments aimed at solving strategic tasks and implementing program guidelines. The unresolved nature of such problems actualizes the need to create a multilevel coordination mechanism in order to pursue a strategically coordinated and balanced socio-economic policy in the region.

To overcome the crisis vector in the development of monotowns, it is necessary to form a strategy that would increase the level of their competitiveness. The procedure should be based on a complex of complementary actions, both from the city-forming enterprise and from the monotown itself. The paper features an analysis of development tendencies in Russian monoprofile urban settlements, as well as the main problems of development of monotowns. The results obtained have made it possible to offer some basic directions for competitive recovery of monoprofile settlements. The subject of the research is the tendencies and development directions of Russian one-industry urban settlements. The research goal includes 1) consideration of functioning features of Russian monotowns, 2) identification of the most significant factors in competitive recovery of monotowns, 3) determination of perspective directions for monotown development that would take into account the peculiarities of the city-forming enterprise. The author used bibliographic, historical, comparative, economical and statistical methods as well as an analysis of dynamics and structure of the parameters in question. The practical implication of the research is that the results obtained can be used for strategy forming of competitive and socio-economic recovery of a single-industry urban settlement. The current data suggest a decline in social and economic conditions of monotowns.

The article features the development of initiative budgeting practices in Russia and some elements of foreign experience. It highlights the lack of theoretical elaboration and methodological support of the initiative budgeting process, which does not contribute to the objective institutionalization of initiative budgeting and prevents the dissemination of best practices and social learning among stakeholders. The research reveals the importance of solving the fundamental scientific problem and developing evaluation methods to measure the effectiveness of budget expenditures in various discrete institutional alternatives as well as forming the mechanisms of product budgeting at the level of Russian municipalities is shown. Elements of scientific discourse in this sphere are shown in the context of the development of issues of public management modernization and the budget process in particular. With regard to development practices in the regions, it is noted that processes in the sphere of open budgeting and initiative budgeting are more likely to occur at the stage of «informing», whereas for the success of the system it is necessary to move to the stage of citizens engagement and coproduction. The article lists some opportunities of open budgets and initiative budgeting use as elements of direct democracy for the development of single-industry cities along with other instruments of strategic management.

The research features the problem of social and economic characteristics of improvement of single-industry cities, or monotowns. Its proposed solution is based on the strategy of their transformation into territories of the advancing social and economic development. It is shown that successful achievement of this strategy requires revealing risk factors of a deviation from the strategy goal and assessing the degree of their negative impact on the process of achievement of the strategic indicators. The methodical aspect can be provided by the operational theory of risk management. Applied methods of the operational theory of risk management together with methods of the systematic economic theory and theory of indistinct sets allow one to increase the chances of successful achievement of a strategic goal and to increase quality of management of formation process (on the basis of monotowns) and to improve the conditions of the advancing social and economic development. The author recommends some methods of identification of risk factors connected with a failure to achieve the strategic goal as well as some methods of development of anti-risk administrative influences.

The article is devoted to the research of sustainable development of northern (arctic) one-industry urban settlements. The author provides an assessment of state support for Russian monocities in the modern conditions and identifies specifics of the functioning of northern (arctic) monocities, which require a special approach to supportive measures for their development. The paper considers the method of diversification of a city-forming enterprise in strategic documents of multi-profile settlements. It is noted that such an approach does not provide a systematic management of the socio-ecological and economic processes of singleindustry towns. The strategy does not take into account the environmental factor, which does not solve the accumulated environmental problems in the Russian Arctic. The current study stresses the necessity of an integrative (cumulative) assessment of the environmental impact resulting from mining operations, which will allow for measuring and managing socioecological and economic processes. The author proposes an integration model of strategic management based on cumulative impact assessment at the regional level.

Economic development in its territorial aspect is uneven, which increases in time due to the path depend-ence effect. At the same time, development level of territories is sensitive to macroeconomic and global factors, including the genesis of so-called “knowledge-based economy”. The article contains an analysis of Russian’s knowledge-based economy at the mesoeconomic (regional) level in 2005 – 2015 in the Kemerovo region. The au-thor evaluates the key parameters of Russian Federation subjects’ development, including regional systems of innovation and education, ICT-infrastructure and environmental conditions of life. The study has proved that the back-ground of the knowledge-based economy in Russia (ICTs and ecological and health-saving infrastructures) displays a tendency toward convergence, whereas the core of knowledge-based economy (educational and innovation sys-tems) is characterized by a divergent trend. The differentiation of educational systems in Russian regions increased within the 10-year period, which means that the options for peripheral regions to shift to the knowledge-intensive development are steadily declining. The gap between leaders and outsiders (a vast majority of regions) of regional innovation system’s development is maximal. The author concludes that the conservation of liberal-orientated meso-economic policy in Russia will contribute to the shaping of an asymmetrical model of the knowledge-based economy.

The paper is focused on the paradigmatic basis incorporated in the Concept of the Spatial Development of Russia. In order to investigate the process of changing the spatial paradigms, the author performs a comparative analysis of the retrospective and perspective stages of spatial development from the standpoint of strategic vision, characteristics of paradigms of the territorial use and types of spatial development. Characteristics of the horizontal-branch stage of development and those of the opportunistic-exhaustive approach to the use of territories are presented as exemplified by hydrocarbon resource development. The author defines the conditions that make it possible to form the strategic vision of the temporal development of a territory, i.e. influence of natural-geologic factors, manifestation of the law of diminishing returns, a strict orientation on economic values and the dominance of sectoral interests. Transition towards the paradigm of holistic and integrated development of territories is considered in the context of the evolution of value orientations, which constitute the axiological basis for social development concepts. Recommendations based on the current research include assessment of the territorial development using the inclusive growth criteria, apart from social, ecological and economic development criteria. As a goal, inclusiveness can be achieved by spatial organization based on the modern approaches, including social and communication ones. As a mean to solve regional problems, inclusiveness implies development of principles and mechanisms for residents and authorities of the resource territories to participate in decision-making regarding the territorial use.

One of the current directions of territorial development is the concentration of efforts on competitive regional processes and the shaping of the trajectory of their development. However, not all directions of regional development can be implemented by themselves. The aim of the research is to study the theoretical aspects of agglomeration and the formation of macroregions in a complicated foreign policy situation accompanied by aggravated socioeconomic processes, introduction and expansion of anti-Russian sanctions and other processes destructive for the country’s economy. The main idea of economic agglomeration and macroregions is the development of effective integration processes and synergetic effects, and as a consequence, territorial self-development. The scientific contribution made by the author is that the current study helps to systematize the existing approaches to the concept of agglomeration; the author also shapes an authentic approach to the concept of agglomeration and its construction as well as introduces some methodical aspects of the macroregion formation on the basis of economic agglomeration. The author has developed a conceptual scheme for the creation of a macroregion on the bases of an economic agglomeration that can be applied in the process of regional economic changes. The main conclusions: 1) the main idea of the formation of agglomerations and macroregions is in the development of effective integration processes and synergistic effects; 2) the concept of macroregion does not imply a change in the federal structure, it affects only economic processes; 3) for the construction of a macroregion, it is necessary to study the agglomerate core and the main economic processes that will proved the necessary synergetic effect and launch the process of territorial self-development.

The development of single-industry cities, whose economy once depended entirely on one or two city-forming enterprises and local research institutes and design bureaus, is extremely relevant. A government commission has adopted integrated investment plans for the modernization of single-industry towns; it has given permission to create «Free Economic Zones» and «territories for advanced development» on their basis, which should influence their economic growth. The current analysis has shown that 1) the main focus of the mono city development strategy is on the development of local industry and small business related to the defense complex or agriculture; 2) local authorities propose projects for the construction of pig farms, milk, meat, oil, fish processing industries, or opening new construction industry enterprises. However, the issue of effective investment of budget funds continues to remain highly debated in economics. The paper features some key indicators of the development of single-industry towns, as well as economic-mathematical models of distribution of investment flows, which make it possible to predict the vectors of their long term development.

A region can be presented as the sum of its people, enterprises, organizations, and authorities. Such a territorial agglomeration shapes the need for satisfaction of public requirements and ensuring normal public reproduction. Regional economy has three-levels: regional, municipal and settlement. The last one has been out of focus of science. The current research relies on the system and reproduction approach and investigates fundamental problems of monotowns in the Ivanovo region as industrial centers created mainly around city-forming textile enterprises. Throughout the post-reform period, these small towns has seen a «curtailment» of material production (industry, construction, trade) as well as intangible production (health, education, culture), an outflow of population to more prosperous settlements and regions, an acute shortage of labor resources in both the quantitative and structural aspects, a lack of financial opportunities for self-development. All these problems bring about economy depression, both in small monotowns and in the region in general. The solution for the problems of small cities in the conditions of an old industrial depressive region like Ivanovo seems impossible without participation of the federal center.

The goal of the current research is to develop methodological approaches to the institutional system of regional governance targeting comprehensive social and economic development of a region. The governance system has been presented as an interconnected set of subsystems, including organizational structures (institutional system), planning and forecasting documents and a management mechanism (instruments of influence). The research makes it possible to identify the problems in integrated development which the current governance system is unable to solve or solves inefficiently. The paper features assessment of the role of the institutional governance system in implementing strategic directions of integrated regional social and economic development. It also includes an analysis of the institutional structure of spatial development management in a Russian Federation subject. The analysis involves functions, authorities, schemes and procedures used by regional governments in terms of ensuring unity and interrelation between regional and municipal levels of governance. The paper identifies the major development lines of the institutional system of regional governance ensuring integrated regional development. The research features the problems of regional integrated development and those associated with exercising authorities’ powers in regard to integrated development of territories. It has been concluded that the main problems of regional economic and social development are due to the prevalence of sectoral approach and insufficient spatial factor consideration in governance, weak spatial planning, lack of special bodies and mechanisms for managing spatial development, i.e. the lack of what should constitute the institutional system of regional governance. The authors propose recommendations to be used by the authorities on determining the powers, rights, duties and functions of institutional structures of regional governance ensuring the effectiveness of institutional governance system.

The current paper features some results of theoretical and methodical justification of selection process for priority national projects that would ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation and its regions. The role of economic security is reflected in the system of national security of the state, the interrelation between the priority national projects and the system of economic security of the Russian Federation in the context of the challenges and threats formulated in domestic standard acts of strategic character. It is shown that the current strategy of sustainable development of regions is formed and implemented through a prism of priority national projects, but optimum ensuring economic security at the regional level is impossible without a scientifically and methodically reasonable regulation from the state. To provide methodically reasonable selection criteria for priority national projects in certain regions from the perspective of economic security, the author proposes to use the cluster approach, which allows one to define development priorities in the region and the direction of its economic security ensuring. Some theoretical and monographic generalizations have made it possible to correct the region clustering potential assessment technique in the context of economic security. Approbation of the developed technique has shown a possibility of its application to assess the level of priority of national projects at the regional level.

Economy of the so-called «resource» regions of Russia is characterized by the predominant role of a relatively small number of large enterprises with low added value. At the same time, the modern institutional environment for entrepreneurs in Russia is clearly unfriendly and costly. Sustainable growth of regional or national economy, if measured quantitatively, cannot be achieved without the institutional changes of innovative character. Innovative economic growth in a resource region, such as the Krasnoyarsk region, should be based on the methodology of institutional design with the help of institutional development strategy. It is possible to create an institutional environment that will not aggravate the contradictions between the interests of its subjects but will balance these interests. The contradictions between formal and informal norms should be neutralized by increasing the efficiency of enforcement mechanisms; positive institutional change should be accelerated by developing minimal-consumption goods, stimulating producers to innovative activity by maintaining competitive opportunities, encouraging regulative organs to ensure effective production supervision.

The aim of the article is to consider the existing criteria of single-industry towns (monotowns) in the Republic of Belarus, which are the subject of the current research. The article summarizes the main approaches to the concept of «single-industry city». The study is based on the analysis of the state scheme of complex territorial organization of the Republic of Belarus and shows the position of the single-industry towns of Belarus in the system of population displacement. The paper features an analysis of the existing criteria for attributing urban settlements to the category of «monotowns» and includes a list of the largest city-forming enterprises in the Republic of Belarus. The study proposes some basic directions of the further development of single-industry towns in Belarus, which can be used by the government and local authorities in the regional development. The results will help to institutionalize the category of «single-industry town» in Belarus. The study also proposes to include an article on the development of monoprofile cities into main strategic documents of the Republic of Belarus. Such an article should provide a permanent monitoring of the development of such urban settlements as well as adoption of corrective measures in case of depression. An important direction for future research is the definition of the criteria for a comprehensive analysis of single-industry towns – not only on the level of economic development of the city-forming enterprise, but also on the level of socio-economic development of the settlement as an administrative-territorial unit with a town-forming enterprise.

The current research features some elements of the monotown development system. The research objective is a model description of the monotown development system provided by the elements of the innovation infrastructure. The conceptual basis of the work methodology is shaped by the works of S. Parkinson, H. Takeuchi, J. Schumpeter. The results can be applied to solve the problems of Russian monotowns that belong to the category of monotowns with the most difficult economic situation.

The research resulted in a series of recommendations on the formation of innovative infrastructure for monotowns, which may lead to an increase in the competitiveness of monotowns and to their transition from a category with the most difficult socio-economic situation to a managed risk category. The conclusion is that it is necessary to create an infrastructure for the innovative development of monotowns. It is necessary to set up a resource center for personnel training (a project office for additional education, a center for standardization of qualifications, a methodological center for interaction between educational institutions and monotown organizations). It should involve an information expert and consulting infrastructure (project office of innovation development and entrepreneurship with departments of coach and foresight management, standardization center and the center of investment and innovation development, innovation and communication platform, consortium of business incubators, etc.). The model in question provides an effective management of the socio-economic development of monotowns.